|
Red
Sea Management provides Gibraltar offshore incorporation, Gibraltar
offshore asset protection and a full range of services. |
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Report on
Gibraltar
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| Background:
|
Strategically important, Gibraltar was ceded to Great Britain by Spain
in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht; the British garrison was formally
declared a colony in 1830. In a 1967 referendum, Gibraltarians ignored
Spanish pressure and voted overwhelmingly to remain a British
dependency. |
|
|
| Location:
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Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links
the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southern
coast of Spain
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|
Geographic coordinates:
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36 11 N, 5 22 W
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| Map
references:
|
Europe
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| Area: |
total: 6.5 sq km
land: 6.5 sq km
water: 0 sq km
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| Area -
comparative:
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about 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
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| Land
boundaries: |
total: 1.2 km
border countries: Spain 1.2 km
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|
Coastline:
|
12 km
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| Maritime
claims:
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territorial sea: 3 NM
|
| Climate:
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Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers
|
| Terrain:
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a narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar
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| Elevation
extremes:
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lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Rock of Gibraltar 426 m
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| Natural
resources:
|
NEGL
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| Land use:
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arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
permanent pastures: 0%
forests and woodland: 0%
other: 100% (1993 est.)
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| Irrigated
land:
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NA sq km
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| Natural
hazards:
|
NA
|
|
Environment - current issues:
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limited natural freshwater resources; large concrete or natural rock
water catchments collect rainwater
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| Geography
- note:
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strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North
Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea
|
|
|
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Population: |
27,649 (July 2001 est.)
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| Age
structure: |
0-14 years: 18.73% (male 2,652; female 2,528)
15-64 years: 66.33% (male 9,473; female 8,866)
65 years and over: 14.94% (male 1,733; female 2,397) (2001 est.)
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|
Population growth rate:
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0.24% (2001 est.)
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| Birth
rate: |
11.25 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
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| Death
rate: |
8.82 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
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| Net
migration rate: |
NEGL migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
|
| Sex
ratio: |
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female
total population: 1 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
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| Infant
mortality rate: |
5.49 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
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| Life
expectancy at birth: |
total population: 79.09 years
male: 76.23 years
female: 82.1 years (2001 est.)
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| Total
fertility rate: |
1.64 children born/woman (2001 est.)
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| HIV/AIDS
- adult prevalence rate: |
NA%
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| HIV/AIDS
- people living with HIV/AIDS: |
NA |
| HIV/AIDS
- deaths:
|
NA |
|
Nationality: |
noun: Gibraltarian(s)
adjective: Gibraltar
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| Ethnic
groups:
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Spanish, Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese
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|
Religions:
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Roman Catholic 76.9%, Church of England 6.9%, Muslim 6.9%, Jewish
2.3%, none or other 7% (1991) |
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Languages: |
English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian,
Portuguese, Russian
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| Literacy: |
definition: NA
total population: above 80%
male: NA%
female: NA%
|
|
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| Country
name:
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conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Gibraltar
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|
Dependency status: |
overseas territory of the UK
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|
Government type:
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NA
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| Capital: |
Gibraltar
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Administrative divisions:
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none (overseas territory of the UK)
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Independence: |
none (overseas territory of the UK)
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| National
holiday: |
Commonwealth Day, second Monday of March
|
|
Constitution:
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30 May 1969
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| Legal
system: |
English law
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| Suffrage:
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18 years of age; universal, plus other UK subjects who have been
residents six months or more |
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Executive branch:
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chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952),
represented by Governor and Commander-in-Chief David DURIE (since 5
April 2000); note - DURIE was appointed in February 2000 but took
office in April 2000
head of government: Chief Minister Peter CARUANA (since 17 May 1996)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed from among the 15 elected
members of the House of Assembly by the governor in consultation with
the chief minister; note - there is also a Gibraltar Council that
advises the governor
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the
monarch; chief minister appointed by the governor
|
|
Legislative branch: |
unicameral House of Assembly (18 seats - 15 elected by popular vote,
one appointed for the Speaker, and two ex officio members; members
serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 10 February 2000 (next to be held NA 2004)
election results: percent of vote by party - GSD 58%, GSLP 41%; seats
by party - GSD 8, GSLP 7
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| Judicial
branch:
|
Supreme Court; Court of Appeal
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| Political
parties and leaders: |
Gibraltar Social Democrats or GSD [Peter CARUANA]; Gibraltar Socialist
Labor Party or GSLP [Joseph John BOSSANO]
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| Political
pressure groups and leaders: |
Chamber of Commerce; Gibraltar Representatives Organization;
Housewives Association
|
|
International organization participation: |
Interpol (subbureau)
|
|
Diplomatic representation in the US: |
none (overseas territory of the UK)
|
|
Diplomatic representation from the US: |
none (overseas territory of the UK)
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| Flag
description: |
two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a
three-towered red castle in the center of the white band; hanging from
the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band
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| Economy
- overview:
|
Gibraltar benefits from an extensive shipping trade, offshore banking,
and its position as an international conference center. The British
military presence has been sharply reduced and now contributes about
11% to the local economy. The financial sector accounts for 20% of
GDP; tourism (almost 6 million visitors in 1998), shipping services
fees, and duties on consumer goods also generate revenue. In recent
years, Gibraltar has seen major structural change from a public to a
private sector economy, but changes in government spending still have
a major impact on the level of employment.
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| GDP:
|
purchasing power parity - $500 million (1997 est.)
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| GDP -
real growth rate: |
NA%
|
| GDP - per
capita: |
purchasing power parity - $17,500 (1997 est.)
|
| GDP -
composition by sector: |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA% |
|
Population below poverty line: |
NA%
|
| Household
income or consumption by percentage share: |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%
|
| Inflation
rate (consumer prices): |
1.5% (1998)
|
| Labor
force: |
14,800 (including non-Gibraltar laborers)
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| Labor
force - by occupation:
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services 60%, industry 40%, agriculture NEGL%
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|
Unemployment rate: |
13.5% (1996)
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| Budget:
|
revenues: $307 million
expenditures: $284 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY00/01 est.)
|
|
Industries: |
tourism, banking and finance, ship-building and repairing; support to
large UK naval and air bases; tobacco, mineral water, beer, canned
fish
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|
Industrial production growth rate:
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NA%
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Electricity - production: |
95 million kWh (1999)
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Electricity - production by source:
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fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0%
nuclear: 0%
other: 0% (1999)
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Electricity - consumption:
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88.4 million kWh (1999)
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Electricity - exports: |
0 kWh (1999)
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Electricity - imports: |
0 kWh (1999)
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Agriculture - products:
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none
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| Exports: |
$81.1 million (f.o.b., 1997)
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| Exports -
commodities: |
(principally reexports) petroleum 51%, manufactured goods 41%, other
8%
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| Exports -
partners: |
UK, Morocco, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain, US, Germany
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| Imports: |
$492 million (c.i.f., 1997)
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| Imports -
commodities: |
fuels, manufactured goods, and foodstuffs
|
| Imports -
partners: |
UK, Spain, Japan, Netherlands
|
| Debt -
external: |
$NA
|
| Economic
aid - recipient: |
$NA
|
| Currency:
|
Gibraltar pound (GIP)
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| Currency
code: |
GIP |
| Exchange
rates:
|
Gibraltar pounds per US dollar - 0.6764 (January 2001), 0.6596 (2000),
0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6106 (1997), 0.6403 (1996); note - the
Gibraltar pound is at par with the British pound
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| Fiscal
year: |
1 July - 30 June
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Telephones - main lines in use:
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19,000 (1997)
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Telephones - mobile cellular: |
1,620 (1997)
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Telephone system: |
general assessment: adequate, automatic domestic system and adequate
international facilities
domestic: automatic exchange facilities
international: radiotelephone; microwave radio relay; satellite earth
station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
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| Radio
broadcast stations: |
AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)
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| Radios: |
37,000 (1997)
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|
Television broadcast stations: |
1 (plus three low-power repeaters) (1997)
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Televisions: |
10,000 (1997)
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| Internet
country code: |
.gi |
| Internet
Service Providers (ISPs): |
2 (2000)
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| Internet
users: |
NA
|
|
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| Railways:
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total: NA km; 1.000-m gauge system in dockyard area only
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| Highways: |
total: 46.25 km
paved: 46.25 km
unpaved: 0 km (2001)
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|
Waterways: |
none |
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Pipelines: |
0 km
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| Ports and
harbors: |
Gibraltar
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| Merchant
marine: |
total: 49 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 669,056 GRT/1,003,809
DWT
ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 15, chemical tanker 6, container 7,
multi-functional large-load carrier 3, passenger 2, petroleum tanker
14, roll on/roll off 1 (2000 est.)
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| Airports: |
1 (2000 est.)
|
| Airports
- with paved runways: |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
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| Military
branches: |
British Army, Royal Navy, Royal Air Force
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| Military
- note: |
defense is the responsibility of the UK
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| Disputes
- international: |
source of friction between Spain and the UK |
