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Red
Sea Management provides Monaco offshore incorporation, Monaco offshore asset protection and a full range of services. |
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Report on Monaco
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| Background:
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Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a
railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the
principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities
have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center.
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| Location:
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Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast
of France, near the border with Italy
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Geographic coordinates:
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43 44 N, 7 24 E
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| Map
references:
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Europe
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Area:
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total: 1.95 sq km
land: 1.95 sq km
water: 0 sq km
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| Area -
comparative:
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about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
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| Land
boundaries:
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total: 4.4 km
border countries: France 4.4 km
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Coastline:
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4.1 km
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| Maritime
claims:
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territorial sea: 12 NM
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| Climate:
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Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
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| Terrain:
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hilly, rugged, rocky
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| Elevation
extremes:
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lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mont Agel 140 m
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| Natural
resources:
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none
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| Land use:
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arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
permanent pastures: 0%
forests and woodland: 0%
other: 100% (urban area)
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| Irrigated
land:
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NA sq km
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| Natural
hazards:
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NA
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Environment - current issues:
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NA
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| Environment
- international agreements:
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party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change,
Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea,
Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands,
Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
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| Geography
- note:
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second smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See);
almost entirely urban
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Population: |
31,842 (July 2001 est.)
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| Age
structure: |
0-14 years: 15.32% (male 2,503; female 2,375)
15-64 years: 62.23% (male 9,731; female 10,083)
65 years and over: 22.45% (male 2,921; female 4,229) (2001 est.)
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Population growth rate:
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0.46% (2001 est.)
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| Birth
rate: |
9.74 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
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| Death
rate: |
13 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
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| Net
migration rate: |
7.85 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
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| Sex
ratio: |
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female
total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
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| Infant
mortality rate: |
5.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
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| Life
expectancy at birth: |
total population: 78.98 years
male: 75.04 years
female: 83.12 years (2001 est.)
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| Total
fertility rate: |
1.76 children born/woman (2001 est.)
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| HIV/AIDS
- adult prevalence rate: |
NA%
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| HIV/AIDS
- people living with HIV/AIDS: |
NA
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| HIV/AIDS
- deaths:
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NA
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Nationality: |
noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s)
adjective: Monegasque or Monacan
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| Ethnic
groups:
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French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%
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Religions:
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Roman Catholic 90%
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Languages: |
French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque
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| Literacy: |
definition: NA
total population: 99%
male: NA%
female: NA%
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| Country
name:
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conventional long form: Principality of Monaco
conventional short form: Monaco
local long form: Principaute de Monaco
local short form: Monaco
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Government type:
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constitutional monarchy
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| Capital:
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Monaco
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Administrative divisions:
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none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by
the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular -
quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo
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Independence: |
1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi)
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| National
holiday: |
National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November
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Constitution:
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17 December 1962
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| Legal
system: |
based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
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| Suffrage:
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21 years of age; universal
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Executive branch:
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chief of state: Prince RAINIER III (since 9 May 1949); Heir
Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre, son of the monarch
(born 14 March 1958)
head of government: Minister of State Patrick LECLERQUE (since 5
January 2000)
cabinet: Council of Government is under the authority of the
monarch
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; minister of state
appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national
candidates presented by the French Government
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Legislative branch: |
unicameral National Council or Conseil National (18 seats; members are
elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 1 and 8 February 1998 (next to be held NA
January 2003)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party
- UND 18
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| Judicial
branch:
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Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on
the basis of nominations by the National Council)
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| Political
parties and leaders:
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National and Democratic Union or UND [leader NA]; National Union for
the Future of Monaco or UNAM [leader NA]; Rally for the Monegasque
Family [leader NA]
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| Political
pressure groups and leaders: |
NA
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International organization participation: |
ACCT, ECE, IAEA, ICAO, ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat,
Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO,
WMO, WToO
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Diplomatic representation in the US: |
Monaco does not have an embassy in the US
consulate(s) general: New York
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Diplomatic representation from the US: |
the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in
Marseille (France) is accredited to Monaco
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| Flag
description: |
two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag
of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white
(top) and red
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| Economy
- overview:
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Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular
resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The
Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and
small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no
income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for
individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies
that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies
in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and
the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to
those in prosperous French metropolitan areas. Monaco does not publish
national income figures; the estimates below are extremely rough.
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| GDP:
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purchasing power parity - $870 million (1999 est.)
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| GDP -
real growth rate: |
NA%
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| GDP - per
capita: |
purchasing power parity - $27,000 (1999 est.)
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| GDP -
composition by sector: |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA%
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Population below poverty line: |
NA%
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| Household
income or consumption by percentage share: |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%
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| Inflation
rate (consumer prices): |
NA%
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| Labor
force: |
30,540 (January 1994)
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Unemployment rate: |
3.1% (1998)
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| Budget:
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revenues: $518 million
expenditures: $531 million, including capital expenditures of
$NA (1995)
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Industries: |
tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products
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Industrial production growth rate:
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NA%
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Electricity - consumption:
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NA kWh
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Electricity - imports: |
NA kWh
note: electricity supplied by France (1999)
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Agriculture - products:
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none
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| Exports: |
$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates
Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through
customs union with France
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| Imports: |
$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates
Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through
customs union with France
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| Debt -
external: |
$NA
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| Economic
aid - recipient: |
$NA
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| Currency:
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French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)
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| Currency
code: |
FRF; EUR
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| Exchange
rates:
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euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386
(1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997),
5.1155 (1996)
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| Fiscal
year: |
calendar year
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Telephones - main lines in use:
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31,027 (1995)
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Telephones - mobile cellular: |
NA
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Telephone system: |
general assessment: modern automatic telephone system
domestic: NA
international: no satellite earth stations; connected by cable
into the French communications system
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| Radio
broadcast stations: |
AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998)
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| Radios: |
34,000 (1997)
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Television broadcast stations: |
5 (1998)
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Televisions: |
25,000 (1997)
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| Internet
country code: |
.mc
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| Internet
Service Providers (ISPs): |
2 (2000)
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| Internet
users: |
NA
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| Railways:
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total: 1.7 km
standard gauge: 1.7 km 1.435-m gauge
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| Highways: |
total: 50 km
paved: 50 km
unpaved: 0 km (2001)
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Waterways: |
none
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| Ports and
harbors: |
Monaco
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| Merchant
marine: |
none (2000 est.)
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| Airports: |
linked to airport in Nice, France, by helicopter service
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| Heliports: |
1 (shuttle service between the international airport at Nice, France,
and Monaco's heliport at Fontvieille)
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| Military
- note: |
defense is the responsibility of France
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| Disputes
- international: |
none |
